How to install a vacuum toilet

Vacuum toilets are based on a non-waterborne transport system, water is only used to flush the toilet bowl. Flushing is done via negative pressure in the pipes. The water consumption during flushing is determined by the size of the water mirror in the toilet bowl.

Vacuum toilets were originally developed mainly for use in airplanes, ships and trains, but are now becoming more common in ordinary households.

A vacuum system relies on electricity and can be relatively expensive to install. Many systems today are designed for scales larger than a single-family home, such as schools, hotels and entire villages.

However, there are also small-scale ‘soft vacuum’ systems that are adapted to individual households with a closed tank. In these, the vacuum generator is only activated during use and is not constantly running, resulting in lower energy consumption. Vacuum toilets in individual households are common in Norway and elsewhere, but are also found in Sweden.

Installation
A vacuum system requires tight pipes, but the pipes can be thinner than in gravity systems. There are no requirements for self-fall or length of sewer lines. On the contrary, the material can be transported both long distances and vertically to a higher level. Vacuum systems should be installed by a professional.

Environment and recycling
A vacuum toilet uses much less water than a conventional toilet. This is especially important in areas with water shortages.

Collecting toilet water in a closed tank avoids releasing most of the nutrients and contaminants from the sewage into the environment. About 90% of nitrogen and 85% of phosphorus from household sewage are present in toilet water and can be collected in the tank.

With a vacuum toilet to a closed tank, there is a good possibility of recycling nutrients in the sewage. This requires, for example, that the municipality or a farmer has a facility for hygienizing the toilet water and can spread the material on agricultural land.

Operation and maintenance
The larger vacuum systems require regular maintenance, in many cases by service technicians.

In smaller vacuum systems for individual households, the vacuum generator should be inspected at least once a year.

Emptying the tank once a year if the sewer is connected to a closed tank.

Here you can see different videos showing the sound of the different systems.
Fann Roslagen

Wostman Eco-Vac

Jets
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eNWywDrR2A&context=C3d854f8ADOEgsToPDskLouvlyKlPdHnPSLLutoIRf